Diversity
is a value that aims to promote peaceful accord with everyone despite
differences in thoughts, attitudes, cultural background, lifestyles,
gender, race, among other variables. In an ideal situation in any
context,
diversity is seen to be
working
when each member accepts, tolerates and
respects one another.
Diversity in Society
One
meaningful academic definition of diversity was conceptualized by
a diverse
group of
University of Oregon students:
The
concept of diversity
encompasses acceptance and respect.
It
means understanding that each individual is unique,
and
recognizing our individual differences.
These
can be along
the
dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation,
socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs,
political
beliefs, or other ideologies.
It
is the exploration
of
these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment.
It
is about understanding each other and moving beyond
simple
tolerance to embracing and celebrating the
rich
dimensions of diversity contained within each individual.
-
According
to Wikipedia,
the phrase
cultural diversity can also refer to having
different cultures respect each other's differences. The phrase
"cultural diversity" is also sometimes used to mean the
variety of
human societies or cultures in a specific region,
or in the world as a whole.
However,
with wars, violence, crimes of all sorts having accompanied human
society since time immemorial, diversity in society is clearly
vulnerable.
One
strong opinion against diversity states that it will never work.
According to an opinion writer, Brett Stevens, the problem with
diversity is that instead of culture, it chooses anti-culture, or the
culture of having no culture. A person in a culture afflicted with
diversity faces an ugly choice: they can either join the culture of
non-culture and give up on their own values, or
they can retain their own values and be socially ostracized or
treated as a stereotype. Read
more
Stevens
also wrote that ultimately, with too much tolerance and government
regulations, diversity leads to criminality, corruption and other
third-world ills.
Diversity in the
Workplace
Ealier
in this year, a news article by Forbes reported about what The
Economic Intelligence Unit had gathered from its global survey
of 200+ human resources (HR) executives worldwide as an emerging
definition of
workforce
diversity, which goes beyond avoiding race,
ethnicity and gender discrimination, or even complying with the
rules.
The
article states that the new understanding of diversity that has
emerged is this: Diversity now encompasses values, meaning what
motivates someone to join a company, embody organizational passions,
and be productive for a long time. It turns out that diversity
means
giving people the space to work differently.
Read
more here
According
to acclaimed social psychologist Dr. Claude Steele,
one of the major barriers holding back the achievement of Blacks,
women and other underrepresented groups is a phenomenon he calls
“stereotype threat,” the threat of being viewed through the lens
of a negative stereotype or the fear of doing something that would
inadvertently confirm that stereotype. Call it subconscious
self-handicapping. Read
more here
Stereotyping
leads to discrimination that can have deadly consequences. Recall
the story of Trayvon Martin. An opinion article explains it was being
stereotyped as a criminal element that led to Trayvon's fatal
shooting. See
In
an artcle by Huffington Post, it was reported that a new survey by
the Greatheart Leader Labs in Seattle found that the gaps in
diversity stemmed from one issue, study authors concluded -- a
failure to communicate. Read
here
How to Keep
Diversity Working
In
one scholarly article, “The Effects of Diversity On Business
Performance: Report of the Diversity Research Network,” it is noted
that: When HR
practices support the creation of a workforce that has the skills
needed to turn diversity into an advantage, diversity is more likely
to lead to positive performance outcomes.
The
article also states that firm-wide, diversity-sensitive
managerial strategies,
human resource policies, and organizational cultures are important
and valuable. The research team summarized their findings, thus:
There is a need to go beyond the business case for diversity as a
number of different aspects of the organizational context and some
group processes moderated
diversity-performance
relationships. Read
more
One
more recent study that was published online, “Getting diversity at
work to work: What we know and what we still don't know” presents
what the researchers - Harrison and Klein (2007) suggest as diversity
not just being one thing, but three things, namely:
Diversity as separation reflects that diversity might
trigger social categorization processes;
diversity as variety implies that diversity might
facilitate innovation, learning and decision-making;
diversity as disparity recognizes that diversity is
often associated with status differences.
-
The
above study suggests there is no single approach to making diversity
work, hence,
correlations between diversity practices and work outcomes vary,
but in all the research it presents, one thing is clear: diversity
needs to be managed well in order to gain benefits both
for the company and its employees.
Clearly,
diversity is such a complex matter, and it is not easy to measure the
success of diversity initiatives and/or
programs.
However,
work organizations
would do well to establish a list, of diversity
indicators or measures, to
assist them, such as the following.
1. Employee
Satisfaction
2. Customer
Satisfaction
3. Workforce
Demographics
4. Compensation
Analysis
5. Retention
6. Turnover
7. Absenteeism
8. Proportion of
Management Positions held by Women/Minorities/Persons with
Disabilities
9. Upward Mobility
10. Diversity Training
Attendance
The first two diversity
measures focus on the outcomes of diversity programs,
while the rest of the indicators are quantitative measurements.
Finally,
it can be said that the extent to which there is less violence,
crimes, unemployment in a diverse community or society indicates the
level of diversity at work. The extent to which diverse businesses,
with diverse workforce thrive in a given diverse community and
contribute to its economic progress also indicates the degree to
which diversity is working successfully.